Neonatology is a medical specialty focused on the care of newborns, particularly those born prematurely or with medical issues, with neonatologists often involved in prenatal care for high-risk pregnancies or when health concerns are identified before birth. A neonatologist provides specialized care for newborns with serious illnesses or birth disorders, working with obstetricians to ensure proper medical care at birth, and is involved in diagnosing and treating conditions, managing care and surgery, ordering tests like X-rays or EKGs, ensuring nutritional needs are met, assisting in delivery when necessary, and offering support to families during a baby’s NICU stay.